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Renewable energy sources in CR
Luermann, Július ; Moskalík, Jiří (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis deals with potential and utilization of renewable energy sources in Slovakia, including description of technologies using these energy sources in the first part. It is written about biomass as a renewable source of energy, methods of biomass processing and its utilization possibilities for producing electricity and heat energy in the second part. The last part of the bachelor’s thesis concerns with technical characteristics of technology using biomass – specifically with Biogas station in Chynorany near Partizánske.
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Concept of a small nuclear reactor for the heat supply purposes
Bobčík, Marek ; Skála, Zdeněk (referee) ; Martinec, Jiří (advisor)
The objective of this diploma thesis is to assess the suitability of a small nuclear reactor for the purpose of heat supply in small towns and cities. First, all the heat demands of these towns and cities are analysed. Then, a small nuclear reactor to serve these needs is designed and a computational model for burn-up fuel is created. The thesis aims to propose a design of a new heat exchanger. Economic and environmental criteria are taken into account as well and including safety measures. The outcome of this thesis is an evaluation of the whole concept with respect to potential future implementation.
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The assessment of connectivity 138 MW combined heat and power plant in Prostějov
Vacek, Tomáš ; Opat, Jaroslav (referee) ; Bátora, Branislav (advisor)
The goal of this project is to test the possibility to connect the Cogenerational generation of power 138 MW (still in the development stage) to the control room 110 kV in Prostejov production. This merge would product the electrical energy as well as the heat energy for all local area. In this dissertation we will be considering the solution of the steady state (stationary state) of system with the voltage level of 110kV, as well as the influence of the generation of power on this system, there by the suggesting a connection. The Congenerational production indicates higher effectiveness in the transformation of energy during primary production process due to the production of heat energy as well as the electrical energy from the primary power sources. In our country, as well as around the world, commonly used fuels are fossil fuels- coal, crude oil, and gas. As the demand for energy grows, those supplies are slowly running out. Not to mention that those fuels have a negative environmental impact. They are a source of carbon, which causes damage to the atmosphere and leads to global warming. Power plants which do not produce carbon are much safer for the environment, and much more productive. However, the residue of this energy is challenging to dispose of. Nuclear energy has common attributes with renewing the sources of energies that are extremely friendly to our environment. Nuclear power plants also produce enough energy and with the usage of Fourth generation reactors, they will be able to recycle the nuclear fuels. Today, more importance is put on renewing sources which are more gentle for the environment. In the near future, CEZ Company, the largest producer of electric energy is planning to use water energy. Water energy comes from water plants or dams. Other ecological forms of energy include geothermal and solar energies. These two types of energy are not as applicable for our geographical position. Geothermal energy is commonly used on islands where there is an abundance of natural hot springs. The most discussed source of energy is bioenergy. It uses natural wood sources, recycled wood products, and applies bioenergy as a main source for thermal power plants.
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Technologies of reuse of wastewater in place of need
Podhrázský, Martin ; Ševčík, Jan (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
Final thesis is focusing on possibilities hidden in the potential of wastewaters in sewers. The goal of this thesis is to present technologies and experiences with water reclamation and with heat recovery systems using wastewaters as a source of heat energy. The theoretical part is divided in two main topics. The first topic is focused on bringing important knowledge and experiences with designing and operating decentralized sewer mining systems, which are, due to less favourable environmental conditions, largely applicated and developed in countries such as Australia, California, etc. The second topic is focusing on heat recovery from sewage water and possibilities of heating and cooling buildings. A possibility of using heat energy from sewage for heating and cooling a swimming pool building located in Brno, Czech Republic was assessed in the last part of this thesis. As a source of wastewater was considered a sewer main located near the pool building. Payback periods and economical effectivity of investing into wastewater heat recovery system was compared with centralized heat supply system, which is a very common source of heat energy in Czech Republic.
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Conceptual design of a specific industrial process
Beneš, Daniel ; Babička Fialová, Dominika (referee) ; Jegla, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the conceptual design of the specific industrial process for the thermal destruction of residual ozone using the Pinch Technology method. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the issue of production, use and destruction of ozone is summarized. The theoretical foundations of the Pinch Technology method for conceptual process design are also introduced. The practical part of the thesis deals with the conceptual design of a specific process for the thermal destruction of residual ozone, based on specified industrial data, with a technical-economically optimal heat exchange size, including a subsequent decision on a suitable heat exchanger for this process.
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Conceptual design of a specific industrial process
Beneš, Daniel ; Babička Fialová, Dominika (referee) ; Jegla, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the conceptual design of the specific industrial process for the thermal destruction of residual ozone using the Pinch Technology method. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the issue of production, use and destruction of ozone is summarized. The theoretical foundations of the Pinch Technology method for conceptual process design are also introduced. The practical part of the thesis deals with the conceptual design of a specific process for the thermal destruction of residual ozone, based on specified industrial data, with a technical-economically optimal heat exchange size, including a subsequent decision on a suitable heat exchanger for this process.
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Technologies of reuse of wastewater in place of need
Podhrázský, Martin ; Ševčík, Jan (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
Final thesis is focusing on possibilities hidden in the potential of wastewaters in sewers. The goal of this thesis is to present technologies and experiences with water reclamation and with heat recovery systems using wastewaters as a source of heat energy. The theoretical part is divided in two main topics. The first topic is focused on bringing important knowledge and experiences with designing and operating decentralized sewer mining systems, which are, due to less favourable environmental conditions, largely applicated and developed in countries such as Australia, California, etc. The second topic is focusing on heat recovery from sewage water and possibilities of heating and cooling buildings. A possibility of using heat energy from sewage for heating and cooling a swimming pool building located in Brno, Czech Republic was assessed in the last part of this thesis. As a source of wastewater was considered a sewer main located near the pool building. Payback periods and economical effectivity of investing into wastewater heat recovery system was compared with centralized heat supply system, which is a very common source of heat energy in Czech Republic.
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Evaluation of air pollution in dependence on operation of centralized heating systems
Čejková, Eliška ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Hůnová, Iva (referee)
1 ABSTRACT This bachelor work deals with some environmental aspects of disintegration of traditional centralized heating systems in the Czech Republic. This situation is shown on a particular case of centralized heating supply in a housing estate in town Kroměříž. This centralized heating system has been quickly disintegrating and it is close to its dissolution due to disconnection of customers who has been building their own local household gas boiler plants. The bachelor work calculates the consumption of natural gas for both ways of heating. It is calculated by using the amount of heat energy required for heating of all buildings, including domestic hot water and the average efficiency of these production methods. This work also calculates the amount of emissions NOx (nitrogen oxides) expressed as NO2 (nitrogen dioxid) which are producted by each type of heating. The amount of NO2 is calculated by using emission factor which is obtained from authorized measuring system. One part of this work also deals with nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. Another important part of the bachelor work is about a basic dispersion analysis (study) - dispersion model of pollutant (nitrogen oxides) around the source/sources. One chapter compares the environmental impacts of central and local way of heating from the viewpoint...
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Concept of a small nuclear reactor for the heat supply purposes
Bobčík, Marek ; Skála, Zdeněk (referee) ; Martinec, Jiří (advisor)
The objective of this diploma thesis is to assess the suitability of a small nuclear reactor for the purpose of heat supply in small towns and cities. First, all the heat demands of these towns and cities are analysed. Then, a small nuclear reactor to serve these needs is designed and a computational model for burn-up fuel is created. The thesis aims to propose a design of a new heat exchanger. Economic and environmental criteria are taken into account as well and including safety measures. The outcome of this thesis is an evaluation of the whole concept with respect to potential future implementation.
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The assessment of connectivity 138 MW combined heat and power plant in Prostějov
Vacek, Tomáš ; Opat, Jaroslav (referee) ; Bátora, Branislav (advisor)
The goal of this project is to test the possibility to connect the Cogenerational generation of power 138 MW (still in the development stage) to the control room 110 kV in Prostejov production. This merge would product the electrical energy as well as the heat energy for all local area. In this dissertation we will be considering the solution of the steady state (stationary state) of system with the voltage level of 110kV, as well as the influence of the generation of power on this system, there by the suggesting a connection. The Congenerational production indicates higher effectiveness in the transformation of energy during primary production process due to the production of heat energy as well as the electrical energy from the primary power sources. In our country, as well as around the world, commonly used fuels are fossil fuels- coal, crude oil, and gas. As the demand for energy grows, those supplies are slowly running out. Not to mention that those fuels have a negative environmental impact. They are a source of carbon, which causes damage to the atmosphere and leads to global warming. Power plants which do not produce carbon are much safer for the environment, and much more productive. However, the residue of this energy is challenging to dispose of. Nuclear energy has common attributes with renewing the sources of energies that are extremely friendly to our environment. Nuclear power plants also produce enough energy and with the usage of Fourth generation reactors, they will be able to recycle the nuclear fuels. Today, more importance is put on renewing sources which are more gentle for the environment. In the near future, CEZ Company, the largest producer of electric energy is planning to use water energy. Water energy comes from water plants or dams. Other ecological forms of energy include geothermal and solar energies. These two types of energy are not as applicable for our geographical position. Geothermal energy is commonly used on islands where there is an abundance of natural hot springs. The most discussed source of energy is bioenergy. It uses natural wood sources, recycled wood products, and applies bioenergy as a main source for thermal power plants.
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